Migratory Pollinators Program
Table 3.
Plants
visited by hummingbirds in Sonora
| Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | Form Type | Flower Color | Flowering Time | Hummingbird(s) (Source) |
|
Acanthaceae |
Anisacanthus andersonii |
Limita |
SH |
R |
Feb-Apr |
BBLH, BEHU, RUHU, VCHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Anisacanthus thurberi |
Desert honeysuckle |
SH |
RO-O |
Jan-Apr |
COHU, RUHU(1,2) |
|
|
Justicia californica |
Chuparrosa |
SH |
R-O |
(Oct)Feb-Apr |
COHU(1), RUHU(4) |
|
|
Justicia candicans |
Rama del toro/chuparrosa |
SS |
R |
Nov-Apr |
BBLH, COHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Ruellia californica |
Rama parda |
SS |
PU |
Dec-Mar (Sept) |
COHU(14) |
|
|
Tetramerium abditum |
Rama del toro |
SS |
RO |
(Jan)Feb-Apr (May) |
BBLH(1) |
|
Agavaceae |
Agave palmeri |
Agave; maguey |
RS |
R-Y |
Jul-Aug |
BCHU(1) |
|
|
Agave shrevei |
Agave; lechuguilla ceniza |
RS |
LG-PY |
Aug-Sept |
BCHU, COHU, RUHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Agave vivipara |
Agave; mezcal, maguey |
RS |
Y |
Mar |
COHU, RUHU(1) |
|
Agavaceae |
Agave sp. |
Agave/maguey |
RS |
Y |
|
LUHU(7), MAHU(3) |
|
Apocynaceae |
Mandevilla foliosa |
Hierba del piojo |
SS |
Y |
Jun-Aug |
BBLH, BCHU, BEHU, RUHU, VCHU, WEHU(1,7) |
|
|
Nerium oleander |
Oleander; laurel |
CSH |
W, P |
Feb-Oct |
BBLH, VCHU(1) |
|
|
Thevetia peruviana |
Yellow oleander |
CSH |
PE |
Mar-May |
BBLH(1) |
|
Asclepiadaceae |
Asclepias curassavica |
Bloodflower milkweed; hierba de la cucaracha |
CPH |
R |
Dec-May, Aug |
BBLH(1) |
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens balsamina |
Impatiens |
CH |
Var |
Sept |
MAHU(1) |
|
Bignoniaceae |
Campsis radicans |
Trumpet creeper; corneta |
CPV |
R |
Jul-Aug |
BBLH, BCHU(1) |
|
|
Tabebuia impetiginosa |
Amapa |
|
P-PU |
Jan-Apr |
BBLH, VCHU(1) |
|
|
Tecomaria capensis |
Cape honeysuckle; bignonia |
CPH |
RO |
Fall, spring |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Tecoma stans |
Trumpet flower; gloria, lluvia de oro, palo de arco |
CTS |
Y |
|
BBLH(1) |
|
Cactaceae |
Carnegiea gigantea |
Saguaro |
TC |
W |
Apr-May |
BBLH, COHU, RUHU(10) |
|
|
Echinocereus sp. |
Hedgehog cactus/choyita |
HC |
R, RO |
May |
BTLH(3) |
|
|
Opuntia karwinskiana |
Red prickly pear; nopal |
CPP |
R |
Feb-Mar |
BBLH, VCHU(1) |
|
|
Opuntia ficus-indica |
Tree prickly pear; nopal de castilla/tuna |
CPP |
Y |
Apr-May |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Opuntia fulgida |
Chainfruit cholla; choya |
STS |
RS |
(Apr)May-Aug |
COHU(13) |
|
|
Opuntia gosseliniana |
Purple prickly pear; duraznilla |
PP |
Y |
Apr-Jun |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Opuntia thurberi |
Cholla; siviri |
STS |
Y |
Jan-May |
COHU(1) |
|
|
Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum |
Etcho |
TC |
W |
Dec-Apr |
(2) |
|
|
Pachycereus pringlei |
Cardón |
TC |
W |
Apr-Jun |
BBLH, COHU, RUHU(8) |
|
Cactaceae |
Stenocereus alamosensis |
Galloping cactus; sina |
SC |
R |
Mar-May |
BBLH, COHU(1,10) |
|
|
Stenocereus thurberi |
Organpipe cactus; pitahaya |
TC/SC |
R/W |
(Mar)Apr-Jul(Dec) |
BBLH, COHU, RUHU(1, 9) |
|
Campanulaceae |
Lobelia cardinalis |
Cardinal flower |
PH |
R |
Apr-Sept |
RUHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Lobelia laxiflora |
Bellflower |
PH |
R,Y |
Mar-Jun |
BBLH, BTLH, RUHU(1), BLUH, BTLH, MAHU(3) |
|
Capparaceae |
Cleome isomeris |
Bladderpod |
|
Y |
Feb-Mar (fall) |
ANHU(1) |
|
|
Wislizenia refracta |
Jackass clover |
|
Y |
|
RUHU(15) |
|
Caprifoliaceae |
Sambucus nigra cerulea |
Mexican elderberry, sauco |
TR |
W |
Warm season |
(15) |
|
Compositae |
Bidens sambucifolia |
Tostón |
SUH |
O |
Sept-Mar |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Centaurea rothrockii |
Madrean starthistle;; cardo |
PH |
PU, W |
Aug-Sept |
BLUH, RUHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Cosmos sulfureus |
Tostón |
SUH |
O |
Sept-Dec |
(14) |
|
|
Dianthus caryophyllus |
Carnation; clavel |
CH |
R |
Sept |
MAHU(1) |
|
|
Stevia plummerae |
|
PH/SS |
W,LP |
Jul-Oct |
BEHU(1) |
|
|
Verbesina felgeri |
|
SH |
Y |
Various times |
ANHU, BBLH(1) |
|
|
Zinnia peruviana |
Wild zinnia; india |
AH |
R |
Jul-Oct |
BBLH, BEHU, VCHU(1) |
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea arborescens |
Tree morning glory; palo blanco/santo |
TR |
W |
(Oct)Nov-Mar (Apr) |
ANHU, BBLH, BEHU, COHU, PCST, VCHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Ipomoea bracteata |
Wild jícama |
WV |
PU,P,F |
(Dec) Jan-May |
BBLH, BEHU, RUHU(1) |
|
|
Ipomoea parasitica |
Morning glory, trompillo |
HV |
PU |
Sept |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Merremia palmeri |
Morning glory vine; trompillo |
PV |
W |
Most months |
BBLH, COHU(1) |
|
Convolvulaceae |
Operculina pteripes |
Morning glory vine; trompillo |
PV |
Sal- mon |
Jul-Oct |
BBLH(1) |
|
Ericaceae |
Arbutus xalapensis |
Madrone; madroño |
TR |
GW |
Mar-Apr |
BLUH, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Arctostaphylos pungens |
Manzanita; manzanilla |
SH |
W/P |
Mar(May) |
BTLH(3), WEHU(1) |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Ricinus communis |
Castor bean, higuerilla |
H,S,T |
R |
July |
BBLH(1) |
|
Fouquieriaceae |
Fouquieria diguetii |
Palo adán |
TS |
R |
Feb-May |
BBLH, RUHU(1), COHU(1,5) |
|
|
Fouquieria macdougalii |
Tree ocotillo |
TS |
R |
Feb-Mar, Jul-Oct |
ANHU, BBLH, COHU, RUHU, VCHU(1), COHU(5) |
|
|
Fouquieria splendens |
Ocotillo |
SH |
R |
Mar-May (Oct) |
BBLH, COHU, RUHU(1,4), BBLH(9), COHU(6) |
|
Grossulariaceae |
Ribes dugesii |
Gooseberry |
SH |
PU |
Feb-Mar |
WEHU(1) |
|
Iridaceae |
Gladiolus sp. |
Gladiola |
CPH |
R |
Aug-Sept |
WEHU(1) |
|
Labiatae |
Monarda citriodora austromontana |
Bee balm; orégano del buro |
PH |
W/PU |
Jul-Oct |
BCHU(1) |
|
|
Salvia betulaefolia |
Maycoba sage |
SH |
R |
Aug-Sept |
BCHU(1) |
|
|
Salvia elegans |
Pineapple sage |
SS |
R |
Mar-Oct |
BBLH, BCHU, BEHU, RUHU, VCHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Salvia microphylla |
Burgandy sage |
SS |
M |
Aug-Nov |
BCHU, BEHU(1) |
|
|
Stachys coccinea |
Texas betony |
PH |
R |
Mar-Oct |
ANHU, BBLH, BCHU, BEHU, BLUH, BTLH, COHU, MAHU, RUHU, VCHU, WEHU(1) |
|
Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae |
Bauhinia variegata |
Orchard tree; orquídea |
CTR |
PU |
mid-winter-spring |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Caesalpinia pulcherrima |
Mexican red bird-of-paradise; tabachín |
SH |
R, Y |
Mar-Sept |
BBLH(1,2,7,8) |
|
|
Delonyx regis |
Royal poinciana; árbol del fuego, tabachín |
CTR |
R |
Warm season |
ANHU, BBLH, BCHU, COHU(12) |
|
|
Haematoxylum brasiletto |
Brasil |
TR |
Y |
Apr-Oct |
BBLH(1) |
|
Leguminosae: Mimosoideae |
Havardia mexicana |
Palo chino |
TR |
W |
Jan-Apr |
BBLH, COHU, RUHU, VCHU(1) |
|
|
Parkinsonia microphylla |
Foothills paloverde |
TR |
Y |
(Feb)Mar-May |
COHU(5,11) |
|
|
Prosopis glandulosa |
Honey mesquite; mezquite |
TS |
Y |
Mar-Aug |
COHU(1,9), RUHU(1) |
|
Leguminosae: Papilionoideae |
Cologania.augustifolia |
Pea vine; frijol |
AV |
P |
Jun-Sept |
BEHU(1) |
|
|
Coursetia glandulosa |
Samo, sámota |
TS |
W,Y,P |
Jan-May |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Olneya tesota |
Ironwood; palo fierro |
TS |
L-PU |
(Mar)Apr-May (Jun) |
COHU(9) |
|
|
Robinia neomexicana |
New Mexican locust |
SH |
W-PU |
May-Jul |
BTLH(3) |
|
Liliaceae |
Canna indica |
Canna lily; perico sencillo, cuenta |
CPH |
R |
Mar |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Hemerocallis fulva |
Lily; lirio |
CPH |
Y |
Sept |
(14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lythraceae |
Cuphea llavea |
Bat-faced monkeyflower; perrito colorado |
PH |
R, PU |
(Jun) Aug-Sept (Nov) |
BEHU, VCHU(1) |
|
Malpighiaceae |
Callaeum macropterum |
Gallinitas, batanene |
WV |
Y |
Most of the year |
BBLH, COHU(1) |
|
Malvaceae |
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis |
Hibiscus; obelisco |
CSH |
R |
mid-spring-fall |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Hibiscus syriacus |
Bibsca, obelisco |
CSH |
L, P |
Aug-Sept |
BCHU(1) |
|
|
Kosteletzkya thurberi |
Obelisco |
SH |
P |
Sept-Oct |
BLHU(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Musaceae |
Musa paradisiaca |
Banaana, plátano |
CH |
R |
|
(14) |
|
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus globosus |
Eucalyptus, eucalypto |
CTR |
W |
Oct |
ANHU(1,8) |
|
|
Lagerstroemia indica |
Crepe myrtle; atmosférica |
CSH |
L, var |
|
(14) |
|
Nyctaginaceae |
Bougainvillea spectabilis |
Bougainvillea; bugambilia |
C- WV |
M, W, vars. |
Feb-Apr |
ANHU, BBLH, VCHU(1) |
|
Polemoniaceae |
Ipomopsis thurberi |
Purple starflower |
PH |
PU |
Aug-Oct |
RUHU(1) |
|
Polygonaceae |
Antigonon leptopus |
Queen's wreath; sanmiguelito |
PV |
P,R |
Aug-Apr |
BBLH, RUHU(1) |
|
Rosaceae |
Punica granatum |
Pomegranate, granada |
CSH |
R |
|
(14) |
|
|
Rosa sp. |
Rose; rosal |
CSH |
P |
Spring and later |
ANHU, BBLH, BCHU, MAHU, WEHU(1) |
|
Rubiaceae |
Bouvardia ternifolia |
Scarlet bouvardia; cigarrito, chuparrosa |
SH |
R |
|
RUHU, VCHU(1,2) |
|
Scrophulariaceae |
Antirrhinum majus |
Snapdragon, perritos |
C- AH |
Y |
|
BEHU, WEHU(1) |
|
|
Castilleja patriotica |
Indian paintbrush; periquito, perico |
PPH |
RO, Y |
Jul-Oct |
BCHU, BTLH, RUHU, VCHU, WEHU(1) |
|
Scrophulariaceae |
Castilleja tenuiflora |
Indian paintbrush; periquito, perico |
PPH |
R, RO, Y |
Feb-Oct |
WEHU(1) |
|
|
Penstemon parryi |
Parry penstemon; varita de San José, pichelitos |
PH |
P-PU |
Spring |
BBLH(1), COHU(5) |
|
|
Penstemon pseudospectabilis |
Mohave beardtongue |
PH |
P-RS/PU |
Feb-May |
COHU, RUHU(4) |
|
|
Tecoma stans stans |
Yellow trumpet bush; lluvia de oro, caballito, gloria |
CTS |
Y |
Warm part of year |
BBLH(1) |
|
Solanaceae |
Lycium andersonii |
Wolfberry; cacaculo, manzanita |
SH |
W |
Feb-Apr, Aug-Oct |
BBLH(1) |
|
|
Lycium berlandieri |
Wolfberry; huichutilla |
SH |
W, L |
Feb-Nov |
COHU(5) |
|
|
Nicotiana glauca |
Tree tobacco; juanloco |
ISH |
Y-G |
All year |
ANHU, BBLH, BCHU, BEHU, BLUH, COHU, MAHU, RUHU, VCHU, WEHU(1), BBLH, RUHU(7), BLUH, MAHU(3) |
|
|
Petunia violacea |
Petunia |
CH |
Var |
Warm part of year |
(14) |
|
|
Solanum seaforthianum |
Bellísima |
CPV |
PU, W |
Most of the year |
(14) |
|
Tropaeoliaceae |
Tropaeolium majus |
Nasturtium; mastuerzo |
CH |
Y, O |
Mar, Sept |
MAHU, RUHU(1) |
|
Verbenaceae |
Lantana camara |
Lantana; confituría negra |
SH |
Y,RO, P |
|
(14) |
|
Vitex mollis |
Uvalama |
TR |
L |
Mar-Jul |
BBLH, BCHU, COHU(1) |
Based on (1) our observations in 2000-2001 and Yécora Christmas bird counts (Jack Whetstone, pers. comm., 2000), (2) Gentry (1942), (3) Marshall (1957), (4) Calder (1993), (5) Baltosser and Scott (1996), (6) Russell and Monson (1998), (7) Powers and Wethington (1999), (8) Johnsgard (1997), (9) Ted Fleming (pers. comm., 2000), (10) Francisco Molina F. (pers. comm., 2001), (11) Reyna Castillo G. (pers. comm., 2001), (12) Eduardo Gómez L. (pers. comm., 2001), (13) Roberto Morales B. (pers. comm., 2001), (14) Alicia Carrillo (pers. comm., 2001), and (15) Lin Piest (pers. Comm., 2001).
Flower color and flowering times from Martin et al. (1998), Van Devender and Reina G.'s personal collection database, and data from herbarium specimen labels.
Life forms/types
AH = annual herb,
AV = annual vine, C = cultivated, H = herb, HC = hedgehog cactus, HV = herbaceous
vine, I = introduced, P = parasitic, PAH = perrenial/annual herb, PH = perennial
herb, PP = prickly pear, PV = perennial vine, RS = rosette succulent, SC = shrub
cactus, SH = shrub, SS = subshrub, STS = stem succulent, SUH = suffrutescent herb,
TC = tree cactus, TR = tree, TS = tree shrub, WP = woody parasite, WV = woody
vine.
Flower colors
BP = blue-purple, C = crimson, CR =
cream, F = fuschia, GW = greenish white, L = lavender, LG = light green, LP =
lavender pink, M = magenta, O = orange, P = pink, PE = peach, PL = pale lavendar,
PU = purple, PY = pale yellow, R = red, RO = red- orange, RS = rose, S = salmon,
W = white, Y = yellow, YG = yellow-green.
Hummingbird abbreviations
ALHU
= Allen's hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin)
ANHU = Anna's hummingbird (Calypte
anna)
BBLH = Broad-billed hummingbird (Cynanthus latirostris)
BCHU
= Black-chinned hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri)
BEHU = Berylline
hummingbird (Amazilia beryllina)
BLHU = Bumblebee hummingbird (Selasphorus
heliosa)
BLUH = Blue-throated hummingbird (Lampornis clemenciae)
BTLH
= Broad-tailed hummingbird (Selasphorus platycercus)
CAHU = Calliope
hummingbird (Stellula calliope)
CIHU = Cinnamon hummingbird (Amazilia
rutila)
COHU = Costa's hummingbird (Calypte costae)
LUHU = Lucifer
hummingbird (Calothorax lucifer)
MAHU = Magnificent hummingbird (Eugenes
fulgens)
PCST = Plain-capped starthroat (Heliomaster constantii)
RUHU
= Rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus)
VCHU = Violet-crowned hummingbird
(Amazilia violiceps)
WEHU = White-eared hummingbird (Hylocharis leucotis)
XAHU
= Xantus hummingbird (Hylocharis xantusii)